S3 file system support

Trino includes a native implementation to access Amazon S3 and compatible storage systems with a catalog using the Delta Lake, Hive, Hudi, or Iceberg connectors. While Trino is designed to support S3-compatible storage systems, only AWS S3 and MinIO are tested for compatibility. For other storage systems, perform your own testing and consult your vendor for more information.

Enable the native implementation with fs.s3.enabled=true in your catalog properties file.

General configuration

Use the following properties to configure general aspects of S3 file system support:

Property	Description
fs.s3.enabled	Activate the native implementation for S3 storage support. Defaults to false. Set to true to use S3 and enable all other properties.
s3.endpoint	S3 service endpoint URL to communicate with.
s3.region	S3 region to communicate with.
s3.cross-region-access	Enable cross region access. Defaults to false.
s3.path-style-access	Use path-style access for all requests to S3
s3.storage-class	S3 storage class to use while writing data. Defaults to STANDARD. Other allowed values are: STANDARD_IA, INTELLIGENT_TIERING, REDUCED_REDUNDANCY, ONEZONE_IA, GLACIER, DEEP_ARCHIVE, OUTPOSTS, GLACIER_IR, SNOW, EXPRESS_ONEZONE.
s3.signer-type	AWS signing protocol to use for authenticating S3 requests. Supported values are: AwsS3V4Signer, Aws4Signer, AsyncAws4Signer, Aws4UnsignedPayloadSigner, EventStreamAws4Signer.
s3.canned-acl	Canned ACL to use when uploading files to S3. Defaults to NONE, which has the same effect as PRIVATE. If the files are to be uploaded to an S3 bucket owned by a different AWS user, the canned ACL may be set to one of the following: PRIVATE, PUBLIC_READ, PUBLIC_READ_WRITE, AUTHENTICATED_READ, BUCKET_OWNER_READ, or BUCKET_OWNER_FULL_CONTROL.
s3.sse.type	Set the type of S3 server-side encryption (SSE) to use. Defaults to NONE for no encryption. Other valid values are S3 for encryption by S3 managed keys, KMS for encryption with a key from the AWS Key Management Service (KMS), and CUSTOMER for encryption with a customer-provided key from s3.sse.customer-key. Note that S3 automatically uses SSE so NONE and S3 are equivalent. S3-compatible systems might behave differently.
s3.sse.kms-key-id	The identifier of a key in KMS to use for SSE.
s3.sse.customer-key	The 256-bit, base64-encoded AES-256 encryption key to encrypt or decrypt data from S3 when using the SSE-C mode for SSE with s3.sse.type set to CUSTOMER.
s3.streaming.part-size	Part size for S3 streaming upload. Values between 5MB and 256MB are valid. Defaults to 32MB.
s3.requester-pays	Switch to activate billing transfer cost to the requester. Defaults to false.
s3.max-connections	Maximum number of connections to S3. Defaults to 500.
s3.connection-ttl	Maximum time duration allowed to reuse connections in the connection pool before being replaced.
s3.connection-max-idle-time	Maximum time duration allowed for connections to remain idle in the connection pool before being closed.
s3.socket-connect-timeout	Maximum time duration allowed for socket connection requests to complete before timing out.
s3.socket-timeout	Maximum time duration for socket read/write operations before timing out.
s3.tcp-keep-alive	Enable TCP keep alive on created connections. Defaults to false.
s3.http-proxy	URL of a HTTP proxy server to use for connecting to S3.
s3.http-proxy.secure	Set to true to enable HTTPS for the proxy server.
s3.http-proxy.username	Proxy username to use if connecting through a proxy server.
s3.http-proxy.password	Proxy password to use if connecting through a proxy server.
s3.http-proxy.non-proxy-hosts	Hosts list to access without going through the proxy server.
s3.http-proxy.preemptive-basic-auth	Whether to attempt to authenticate preemptively against proxy server when using base authorization, defaults to false.
s3.retry-mode	Specifies how the AWS SDK attempts retries. Default value is LEGACY. Other allowed values are STANDARD and ADAPTIVE. The STANDARD mode includes a standard set of errors that are retried. ADAPTIVE mode includes the functionality of STANDARD mode with automatic client-side throttling.
s3.max-error-retries	Specifies maximum number of retries the client will make on errors. Defaults to 20.
s3.application-id	Specify the application identifier appended to the User-Agent header for all requests sent to S3. Defaults to Trino.

Authentication

Use the following properties to configure the authentication to S3 with access and secret keys, STS, or an IAM role. The access key, secret key, STS, and external ID properties are only used by the DEFAULT and IAM_ROLE authentication modes; setting any of them for ANONYMOUS or WEB_IDENTITY fails at startup.

Property	Description
s3.aws-access-key	AWS access key to use for authentication.
s3.aws-secret-key	AWS secret key to use for authentication.
s3.sts.endpoint	The endpoint URL of the AWS Security Token Service to use for authenticating to S3.
s3.sts.region	AWS region of the STS service.
s3.iam-role	ARN of an IAM role to assume when connecting to S3. Requires s3.auth-type=IAM_ROLE.
s3.role-session-name	Role session name to use when connecting to S3. Defaults to trino-filesystem.
s3.external-id	External ID for the IAM role trust policy when connecting to S3.
s3.auth-type	Authentication mode for accessing S3, one of: - ANONYMOUS: sends no credentials, for reading public buckets. - DEFAULT (default): uses the static access keys when set, otherwise the AWS default credentials chain. Security mapping roles are still honored. - IAM_ROLE: assumes the IAM role configured in s3.iam-role. - WEB_IDENTITY: uses the web identity token file credentials provider instead of the default credentials chain. Useful when running Trino on Amazon EKS with IAM roles for service accounts (IRSA).

Security mapping

Trino supports flexible security mapping for S3, allowing for separate credentials or IAM roles for specific users or S3 locations. The IAM role for a specific query can be selected from a list of allowed roles by providing it as an extra credential.

Each security mapping entry may specify one or more match criteria. If multiple criteria are specified, all criteria must match. The following match criteria are available:

• user: Regular expression to match against username. Example: alice|bob
• group: Regular expression to match against any of the groups that the user belongs to. Example: finance|sales
• prefix: S3 URL prefix. You can specify an entire bucket or a path within a bucket. The URL must start with s3:// but also matches for s3a or s3n. Example: s3://bucket-name/abc/xyz/

The security mapping must provide one or more configuration settings:

• accessKey and secretKey: AWS access key and secret key. This overrides any globally configured credentials, such as access key or instance credentials.
• iamRole: IAM role to use if no user provided role is specified as an extra credential. This overrides any globally configured IAM role. This role is allowed to be specified as an extra credential, although specifying it explicitly has no effect.
• roleSessionName: Optional role session name to use with iamRole. This can only be used when iamRole is specified. If roleSessionName includes the string ${USER}, then the ${USER} portion of the string is replaced with the current session's username. If roleSessionName is not specified, it defaults to trino-session.
• allowedIamRoles: IAM roles that are allowed to be specified as an extra credential. This is useful because a particular AWS account may have permissions to use many roles, but a specific user should only be allowed to use a subset of those roles.
• kmsKeyId: ID of KMS-managed key to be used for client-side encryption.
• allowedKmsKeyIds: KMS-managed key IDs that are allowed to be specified as an extra credential. If list contains *, then any key can be specified via extra credential.
• sseCustomerKey: The customer provided key (SSE-C) for server-side encryption.
• allowedSseCustomerKey: The SSE-C keys that are allowed to be specified as an extra credential. If list contains *, then any key can be specified via extra credential.
• endpoint: The S3 storage endpoint server. This optional property can be used to override S3 endpoints on a per-bucket basis.
• region: The S3 region to connect to. This optional property can be used to override S3 regions on a per-bucket basis.

The security mapping entries are processed in the order listed in the JSON configuration. Therefore, specific mappings must be specified before less specific mappings. For example, the mapping list might have URL prefix s3://abc/xyz/ followed by s3://abc/ to allow different configuration for a specific path within a bucket than for other paths within the bucket. You can specify the default configuration by not including any match criteria for the last entry in the list.

In addition to the preceding rules, the default mapping can contain the optional useClusterDefault boolean property set to true to use the default S3 configuration. It cannot be used with any other configuration settings.

If no mapping entry matches and no default is configured, access is denied.

The configuration JSON is read from a file via s3.security-mapping.config-file or from an HTTP endpoint via s3.security-mapping.config-uri.

Example JSON configuration:

{
  "mappings": [
    {
      "prefix": "s3://bucket-name/abc/",
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test_path"
    },
    {
      "user": "bob|charlie",
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test_default",
      "allowedIamRoles": [
        "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test1",
        "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test2",
        "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "prefix": "s3://special-bucket/",
      "accessKey": "AKIAxxxaccess",
      "secretKey": "iXbXxxxsecret"
    },
    {
      "prefix": "s3://regional-bucket/",
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/regional-user",
      "endpoint": "https://bucket.vpce-1a2b3c4d-5e6f.s3.us-east-1.vpce.amazonaws.com",
      "region": "us-east-1"
    },
    {
      "prefix": "s3://encrypted-bucket/",
      "kmsKeyId": "kmsKey_10"
    },
    {
      "user": "test.*",
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/test_users"
    },
    {
      "group": "finance",
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/finance_users"
    },
    {
      "iamRole": "arn:aws:iam::123456789101:role/default"
    }
  ]
}

Security mapping properties

Property name	Description
s3.security-mapping.enabled	Activate the security mapping feature. Defaults to false. Must be set to true for all other properties be used.
s3.security-mapping.config-file	Path to the JSON configuration file containing security mappings.
s3.security-mapping.config-uri	HTTP endpoint URI containing security mappings.
s3.security-mapping.json-pointer	A JSON pointer (RFC 6901) to mappings inside the JSON retrieved from the configuration file or HTTP endpoint. The default is the root of the document.
s3.security-mapping.iam-role-credential-name	The name of the extra credential used to provide the IAM role.
s3.security-mapping.kms-key-id-credential-name	The name of the extra credential used to provide the KMS-managed key ID.
s3.security-mapping.sse-customer-key-credential-name	The name of the extra credential used to provide the server-side encryption with customer-provided keys (SSE-C).
s3.security-mapping.refresh-period	How often to refresh the security mapping configuration, specified as a Properties reference. By default, the configuration is not refreshed.
s3.security-mapping.colon-replacement	The character or characters to be used instead of a colon character when specifying an IAM role name as an extra credential. Any instances of this replacement value in the extra credential value are converted to a colon. Choose a value not used in any of your IAM ARNs.

Migration from legacy S3 file system

Previous Trino releases included a legacy Amazon S3 file system implementation used by catalogs configured with fs.hadoop.enabled and hive.s3.* properties. That legacy support has been removed. Use the native S3 file system implementation.

To migrate a catalog to use the native file system implementation for S3, make the following edits to your catalog configuration:

1. Add the fs.s3.enabled=true catalog configuration property.
2. If your catalog enabled fs.hadoop.enabled only for legacy S3 access, remove that property.
3. Refer to the following table to rename your existing legacy catalog configuration properties to the corresponding native configuration properties. Supported configuration values are identical unless otherwise noted.

Legacy property	Native property	Notes
hive.s3.aws-access-key	s3.aws-access-key
hive.s3.aws-secret-key	s3.aws-secret-key
hive.s3.iam-role	s3.iam-role	Also see s3.role-session-name in preceding sections for more role configuration options.
hive.s3.external-id	s3.external-id
hive.s3.endpoint	s3.endpoint	Add the https:// prefix to make the value a correct URL.
hive.s3.region	s3.region
hive.s3.sse.enabled	None	s3.sse.type set to the default value of NONE is equivalent to hive.s3.sse.enabled=false.
hive.s3.sse.type	s3.sse.type
hive.s3.sse.kms-key-id	s3.sse.kms-key-id
hive.s3.upload-acl-type	s3.canned-acl	See preceding sections for supported values.
hive.s3.streaming.part-size	s3.streaming.part-size
hive.s3.proxy.host, hive.s3.proxy.port	s3.http-proxy	Specify the host and port in one URL, for example localhost:8888.
hive.s3.proxy.protocol	s3.http-proxy.secure	Set to TRUE to enable HTTPS.
hive.s3.proxy.non-proxy-hosts	s3.http-proxy.non-proxy-hosts
hive.s3.proxy.username	s3.http-proxy.username
hive.s3.proxy.password	s3.http-proxy.password
hive.s3.proxy.preemptive-basic-auth	s3.http-proxy.preemptive-basic-auth
hive.s3.sts.endpoint	s3.sts.endpoint
hive.s3.sts.region	s3.sts.region
hive.s3.max-error-retries	s3.max-error-retries	Also see s3.retry-mode in preceding sections for more retry behavior configuration options.
hive.s3.connect-timeout	s3.socket-connect-timeout
hive.s3.connect-ttl	s3.connection-ttl	Also see s3.connection-max-idle-time in preceding section for more connection keep-alive options.
hive.s3.socket-timeout	s3.socket-timeout	Also see s3.tcp-keep-alive in preceding sections for more socket connection keep-alive options.
hive.s3.max-connections	s3.max-connections
hive.s3.path-style-access	s3.path-style-access
hive.s3.signer-type	s3.signer-type

4. Remove the following legacy configuration properties if they exist in your catalog configuration:

   • hive.s3.storage-class
   • hive.s3.signer-class
   • hive.s3.staging-directory
   • hive.s3.pin-client-to-current-region
   • hive.s3.ssl.enabled
   • hive.s3.sse.enabled
   • hive.s3.kms-key-id
   • hive.s3.encryption-materials-provider
   • hive.s3.streaming.enabled
   • hive.s3.max-client-retries
   • hive.s3.max-backoff-time
   • hive.s3.max-retry-time
   • hive.s3.multipart.min-file-size
   • hive.s3.multipart.min-part-size
   • hive.s3-file-system-type
   • hive.s3.user-agent-prefix